PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME (PMS)

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

PMS is an array of physical and emotional symptoms occurring one to two weeks before a woman’s menstrual period. these symptoms usually stop when the period starts .

Common emotional symptoms include

• low libido,
• depression
• fatigue,
• bloating,
• irritability
• aggressive behaviour
• anxiety

Common physical symptoms include

• weight gain
• food cravings
• headaches /migraines
• bloating
• breast tenderness
• worsening of acne

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a more severe form of PMS and can be debilitating and occurs in 3-5% OF women

Diagnosis depends on detailed history and no tests are needed .it is important to maintain a symptom diary for 2 menstrual cycles at least to see if the symptoms are cyclical.

PMS and PMDD Treatment:

Exercise regularly at least 3 times a week

Avoid alcohol and smoking ( at least 2 weeks prior to period)

Alternative therapy-Relaxation therapy, meditation, cognitive behavioural therapy.

Supplements -calcium, vitamin D ,Gingko biloba, evening primrose oil, curcumin, vitamin B6, isoflavones, have been shown to provide some benefit.

Medications and hormonal therapy-SSRI s (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine and escitalopram) -either taken only in premenstrual phase or continuously.

Ocpills – especially YAZ has found to be beneficial in PMS